Managament of Specific Risk Exposures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managament of Specific Risk Exposures - Essay Example al 1996). Environmental auditing helps identify the problem areas. This would aid in developing schemes and precedencies by which the different issues may be dealt. Environmental auditors' objective with regard to this particular construction work is to clean the contamination of the water table and the running stream as these areas are assigned for tiny parks within the new Village. The main objective of the new administrator of the council is to see through the completion of the project. He has to see to it that all the employees whether temporary or otherwise is satisfied once the project gets over. It is his duty to see that all the legal rules and regulations are followed by the company. The main objective of the contracted construction workers is to earn as much as possible till such time the project lasts. As these workers are not permanent but are contracted for a particular job their aim is to make money which might see them through in the lean season also. The union of the workers' feels that since the administrator is new there may be some hitch in their relationship with regard to the workers welfare. The union also feels that the new administrator may handle workers roughly which might lead to disaster. The environmental auditor... The union also feels that the new administrator may handle workers roughly which might lead to disaster. Risk to the environmental auditors The environmental auditors perceive risk with regard to cleaning the contaminated water table. Since no companies are available at the local to clean the polluted water the company is at a high risk of not getting the project approved. Risk perceived by Wishford Bird Lover's Society There are three nests of the orange crested cuckoo (listed as an endangered species) in areas designated for new houses. The Wishford Bird lover's Society feel that these birds may migrate to other places when they (birds) perceive danger to their breeding and nesting. Risk to Wishford Council's new administrator Since the administrator is new it might take some time for him to adjust with the other employees and to gain their confidence. Gaining the confidence of employees has to be achieved within no time or else the project may take more time for completion. Apart from this since he is a new employee it might take some time for him to study the present workers and the rules and regulations of the council. Risks to Hartford Brown contracted construction workers Contracted workers at construction sites are always in danger of contacting occupational diseases. They also are exposed to some highly dangerous materials like asbestos which might be used in construction works. Q.1. (c) The overall project manager can draft all the risks attributed to the different stakeholders and form a report. This report has to be prepared in consultation of each of the stakeholders by identifying risks involved in their respective areas. The risk arising directly from the project has to be segregated from other risks which might rise

Child Labour Essay Example for Free

Child Labour Essay The two articles â€Å"A Dollar a day† written by Angus McDonald and â€Å"Workers, Not Slaves† by Jenny Price both aim at those who are either interested in the treatment of child laborers or are a part of a business who’s operations involve the use of child laboring. McDonald voices his arguments with disgust, anger and outrage contending that thousands of child laborer’s, some as young as eight are being exploited into working long hours, in some of the world’s worst conditions for as little as a dollar a day. Price, however in response to this Jenny Price states that the images and articles published about such labor is very misleading and purposely uses emotional and provocative language to persuade readers to believe it all is horrible, however in actual fact is a very well earning and lifesaving employment opportunity for these kids. Starting with his(McDonald) article, â€Å"A Dollar a Day† published on the 29th of July, 2009 immediately grabs readers attention with the implementation of a pun, coupled with negative connotations in his sub title, â€Å"Sweatshop kids pay a hefty price for glamour garments† this use of the pun â€Å"hefty price† in context suggests that these kids are not only creating these expensive attires but the damage it does to their young bodies is a large price they pay for the small amount of income earned, the play on words helps to attract reader’s attention, therefor getting readers to instantly notice the author’s viewpoint. Secondly the words â€Å"sweatshop† and â€Å"kids† used together strongly advocates negativity in the audience and their opinions towards them, thinking of children in sweatshops would cause most people to react against it and making reader’s side with the author. Following this, the author employs an anecdote in combination with emotive language of a young Indian boy who is one of many in what is now a thriving industry of sweatshops,† 10-year-old Manu focuses with tired eyes on the task at hand†¦ He will do this for 12 hours today, as will the dozen or so other boys sharing the cramped, blazingly hot workshop.† This story provides a personal and human dimension the article that gives the audience something to relate to, feel more involved and create interest and a sense of sorrow and self – blame for this young boy, feeling as though they should do something to stop such things. The emotive language added, constructs an image in readers minds of a small, unhygienic, uncomfortable and unbearable way of working, for shocking hours for kids these age and affect them to react emotionally, in support of the writers standpoint.

Complementary Medicines - A Perplexing Pharmaceutical Product Essay

There is no place for the supply of vitamins or complimentary medicines in pharmacy. Most complementary medicines lack clinical trials that conclusively prove their efficacy. For pharmacists, considered as drug therapy experts within the community, their supply from a pharmacy presents a serious ethical dilemma, as it is would be unwise to recommend an unproven treatment. It has been reported that this is further compounded by a lack of clear information on the status of the body of evidence for the support of specific complementary medicines. However, there is evidence to suggest that not only can complementary medicines work, but also that the use of complementary medicines is on the increase. This essay aims to review some of the reasons for the use of consumer demand for complementary medicine. Once this has been established, the ethics of the supply of complementary medicines will be examined in detail, concluding with a remark regarding the appropriateness of their supply by a pharmacist within a pharmacy. Within this essay, the term ‘complementary ’ medicines will be intended to include â€Å"herbal medicines, traditional medicines, vitamins and minerals, nutritional supplements, homeopathic medicines and aromatherapy products† as defined by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (REF:TGA). Complementary medicine use has become wide spread, and by all accounts, consumer demand is increasing further. A 2004 representative population survey conducted within Australia revealed that 52% of Australians had used a complementary medicine within the last twelve months (REF:6). (REF:2) reports that consumers reasons for accessing complementary medicines are several and varied, and includes those without ready access to conv... ...quire proof of efficacy and therefore their efficacy has not been established. The belief held by about half of the Australian public that the government tests complementary medicines for efficacy is incorrect. This creates a problem for health care professionals because a risk-benefit profile can not be established, and so consequently they are unable to recommend an unproven complementary medicine. Lack of efficacy also creates ethical challenges for their supply as the community perceives pharmacists as evidence-based experts on drug therapy, but for the majority of complementary medicines this evidence does not exist. Therefore, it can only be concluded that there is no place for the supply of complementary medicines in pharmacy. (REF:5) summaries this position well, â€Å"when proof of efficacy is lacking, any risk, no matter how remote, is too much to bear†.

Dos Attack & Mitigation

DDOS Attack and its Mitigation – Simulation in GNS3 Summary: A private LAN network comprising of hundreds of end devices and several servers in DMZ is protected by Cisco ASA (Firewall). In the internet the most commonly found network attack is to take down enterprise resources by DDOS(Distributed Denial of Service) attack either on Servers(which will impact hundreds of end users) or on the network resources like routers itself.In this practical simulation we will analyse how a DOS attack happens on web server placed in DMZ from the internet via traffic flooding, and how we can fine tune ASA to mitigate and stop further attacks on the network. Devices used: a) b) c) d) e) Attacker PC – Windows XP – Service Pack3 Web server (Simulated in GNS3) ASA Version 8. 4 (Simulated in GNS3) Cisco Router – 3750 (Simulated in GNS3) Ethernet Switch (Simulated in GNS3) Software used: a) Wireshark (version – 1. 6. 8) b) GNS3 (Version – 0. 8. 3. 1) c) Net tools (Version – 5. 0. ) Step 1: Install Windows XP (SP3) on a virtual machine, (in this case we have used Oracle’s virtual box). This step is to make sure that the system may not get infected with the virus which comes packed with hacking and network monitoring tools. Furthermore, as we are using a virtual operating system, we will be sure that, our actual working pc may not be affected with our experiments. https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 1 Image 1: The Oracle virtual box manager showing windows XP(SP3) Step 2: Install GNS3 (Graphical Network Simulator) inside the virtual XP.Image 2: Image of GNS3 installed and running on virtual XP In the above image, the circle shows the virtual network appliances, i. e. routers, switches, bridges, firewall and IPS/IDS are available for simulation using GNS3. In most cases GNS3 comes with Putty, Wireshark bundled. In case if GNS3 doesn’t have Wireshark, we have to instal l Wireshark on the virtual XP machine too. https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 2 Image 3: This image represents the Wireshark software, installed and running on virtual XP.Step 3: Install Net Tools (Network monitoring & Hacking Tool) in the same virtual XP machine. This tool can be used to monitor Network activities and can be used as a potential hacking tool. In this simulation we will use this tool to flood the server with icmp packets, which will lead to a DOS attack on the server. Image 4: This represents the Net Tools, which is installed and running on Virtual XP. Step 4: Now, we will setup the devices required to simulate a DOS attack, in the GNS3 software. a) Setup a Microsoft loopback adapter in Windows XP and assign a public IP address to this.This virtual XP will act as the attacker PC from the internet. b) To create a loopback adapter, the first step is to go to command prompt and type the command â€Å"hdwwiz. exeà ¢â‚¬ , this is the shortest way to add a new hardware. https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 3 c) Now the â€Å"Add new hardware† wizard will come up and select the second option which says, â€Å"Install the hardware manually†, as shown in the above image. d) On the next screen, please select â€Å"Network Adapters†, from the hardware list, as shown in the above image. ttps://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 4 e) On the next screen, please select â€Å"Microsoft† from the vendor list and â€Å"Microsoft Loopback Adapter† from the Network adapter list as shown in the above image. f) Now Microsoft loopback adapter is added to windows XP, and this can be viewed under Network Connections in Control panel, as seen in the below image. g) Next step is to configure an ip address to this loopback adapter, so that this adapter can be connected to one of the routers in the simulated internet cloud in GNS3.At this point we have to make sure that the Loopback adapter’s ip address should be something in the public IP range and the interface of the router which is pointing towards the internet should be in the â€Å"same†, public IP range. h) Let us configure the loopback adapter’s ip address as 20. 1. 1. 100/24, and set the default gateway as 20. 1. 1. 1 as shown in the below image. https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 5 i) The above configuration means that the virtual XP can also be access by the ip address 20. 1. 1. 100 and the default gateway i. . router’s interface which is connecting to the switch has an ip address of 20. 1. 1. 1. j) In the next step, we are going to create a topology, through which we can simulate the DOS attack, after we create the topology, we have to connect our virtual XP to the topology, which actually represents the interne t cloud, a server placed in the DMZ of a corporate (in actual configuration it is placed in Inside zone) and the attacker PC in the internet (i. e. the virtual XP). Between the internet(outside) and the Corporate LAN, we have placed an ASA(Adaptive security Appliance) version 8. , which is has all the functionalities of a firewall and features like NAT, Routing, VPN, AAA services etc. hence it is called UTM(Unified Threat Management) device. The topology which we are going to use for the DOS simulation is in the below image. https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 6 Configuration: a) Web Server – IP address: 10. 1. 1. 100/24 Zone: Inside Device: Router c7200 used as a web server. Running configuration of this device : version 12. 2 interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10. 1. 1. 100 255. 255. 255. speed auto duplex auto ip http server no ip http secure-server ip route 0. 0. 0. 0 0. 0. 0. 0 10. 1. 1. 1 b) Firewall – IP address : https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 7 Inside zone interface – 10. 1. 1. 1 (which acts as gateway for LAN users) Outside zone interface – 1. 1. 1. 1 Access-lists: Configuration before DOS security on firewall ASA Version 8. 4(2) ! hostname ciscoasa enable password 8Ry2YjIyt7RRXU24 encrypted passwd 2KFQnbNIdI. 2KYOU encrypted names ! interface GigabitEthernet0 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address 1. 1. . 1 255. 255. 255. 0 ! interface GigabitEthernet1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 10. 1. 1. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 access-list out-in extended permit icmp any any access-group out-in in interface outside route outside 0. 0. 0. 0 0. 0. 0. 0 1. 1. 1. 2 1 c) Gateway router for attacker PC: Ip address – Interface towards firewall – 1. 1. 1. 2/24 Interface towards attacker PC – 20. 1. 1. 1/24 Configuration – https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/use rs/~013128626566145b05 Page 8 interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 1. 1. 1. 2 255. 255. 255. 0 duplex auto speed auto ! nterface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 20. 1. 1. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 duplex auto speed auto ! ip forward-protocol nd ip route 10. 1. 1. 0 255. 255. 255. 0 1. 1. 1. 1 no ip http server no ip http secure-server Attacker PC: Ip address – 20. 1. 1. 100/24 Operating system – Windows XP – SP3 Location – Internet Connectivity Tests: Now that we have all the devices setup and connected, we should test whether the attacker PC can actually reach the web server, after all if there is no reachability, the DOS attack is not possible. We can find this using a simple and trace route test, as shown in the below images. https://www. lance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 9 https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 10 By the above images, we can find that, the attacker pc has access network reachability to the webserver from the internet. Launch of the attack on webserver using Net tools: In our simulation task we use Net tools 5, which is a network monitoring tool and a hacking tool as well. In the first step, we will check whether the Net tools is able to ping the webserver, by going into network tools -> ping option, as shown in the below image. ttps://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 11 We can verify that the software is able to send successful ICMP packets to the web server. This is possible, as we have opened an access control list (ACL) in the firewall which allows any ICMP packets from the internet to the LAN or DMZ. We will analyse what is happening during the Ping, at the packet level using Wireshark. As we can see, four ICMP packets have been sent from the source 20. 1. 1. 100 to destination 10. 1. 1. 100(web server) and the ping is successful.We can also observe that all the 4 packets we sent and received from the internet to the web server in 2 seconds. In the next step we are actually going to deliver the DOS attack on the server, without enabling DOS security on the firewall. To create the DOS attack, first we need to go to Network tools and Http flooder (DOS) in the NetTools, as shown in the below image. https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 12 In our case we need to give 10. 1. 1. 100 as the Ip to flood instead of 127. 0. 0. 1.As soon as we hit the start button, the web server is under DOS attack as seen in the below wireshark analysis. https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 13 As we can observe that hundreds of syn packets from the source 20. 1. 1. 100 are flooded to destination 10. 1. 1. 100 in less than â€Å"one† second. The below image from Cisco’s website, clearly elaborates, what happens in a typical syn flood attack, which represents the above Wireshark capture. The description of each packet says it is a â€Å"SYN† packet, that means it is a half open connection, without the TCP 3 way handshake.With these SYN packets, a certain amount of buffer is allocated for each SYN packet and in less than a minute all the server resources are allocated to these half open connections and the servers failed to respond to genuine queries, stating that it us under Denial Of Service (DOS) attack. https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 14 Mitigation techniques: As we have already discussed, a Cisco ASA firewall can be very helpful in mitigating and stopping DOS attacks on LAN or DMZ servers. The above image from Cisco’s website, describes how ASA firewall stop syn flood attacks can.In this process we will limit the number of â€Å"embryonic† or â€Å"half open connections† a client can have. If the embryonic connection limit is reached, then the se curity appliance responds to every SYN packet sent to the server with a SYN+ACK, and does not pass the SYN packet to the internal server. If the external device responds with an ACK packet, then the security appliance knows it is a valid request (and not part of a potential SYN attack). The security appliance then establishes a connection with the server and joins the connections together.If the security appliance does not get an ACK back from the server, it aggressively times out that embryonic connection. In this scenario we have used Modular Policy Frame work, which limits number of half open connections to the server and thus stops DOS attack. We have used the below configuration in the Firewall to stop half open connections, which will have a maximum of â€Å"100† open connections, a maximum of â€Å"200† embryonic connections, and a maximum of â€Å"10† embryonic connections from a particular client (identified by an IP address).Furthermore we have set con nection timeout timer for a normal connection as 2 hours, timeout for embryonic connections as â€Å"45† seconds and â€Å"25† minutes for a half closed connection. Firewall(config)#class-map tcp_syn Firewall(config-cmap)#match port tcp eq 80 Firewall(config-cmap)#exit Firewall(config)#policy-map tcpmap https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 15Firewall(config-pmap)#class tcp_syn Firewall(config-pmap-c)#set connection conn-max 100 Firewall(config-pmap-c)#set connection embryonic-conn-max 200 Firewall(config-pmap-c)#set connection per-client-embryonic-max 10 Firewall(config-pmap-c)#set connection per-client-max 5 Firewall(config-pmap-c)#set connection random-sequence-number enable Firewall(config-pmap-c)#set connection timeout embryonic 0:0:45 Firewall(config-pmap-c)#set connection timeout half-closed 0:25:0 Firewall(config-pmap-c)#set connection timeout tcp 2:0:0 Firewall(config-pmap-c)#exit Firewall(config-pmap)#exit Firewall(config)#service-policy tcpmap global Now we will run a DOS attack on the server after the security is enabled and check what will be Wireshark output. The below image shows that the attacker PC is still able to ping the web server, after we have enabled DOS security, but it is able to ping because, this is a normal ping. https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 16 The above image represents the wireshark capture between the Internet router and the firewall, which clearly shows that syn flood attack is happening from source 20. 1. 1. 100 to destination 10. 1. 1. 100, and we can see hundreds of packets flooding 10. 1. 1. 100 in less than a second.At the same time the above image shows the wireshark capture between the firewall and web server, which clearly explains that all the syn-flood packets have been dropped by the firewall as soon as they reach it. At the same time we can obser ve normal ping packets which came from th e attacker pc which have been passed by the firewall. https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 17 Inference: The above simulation experiment shows that the firewall before the corporate network has stopped one of the most common attacks over servers, i. e. the DOS attack, using Modular Policy Frame work, which can be used to define intersting traffic and the actions to be taken on that traffic. https://www. elance. com/s/feroz_sm/ https://www. odesk. com/users/~013128626566145b05 Page 18

I run, every now and then when things in life get tough

It was a cool November night and there I was running through the smoky populous city of Chelmsford, rows upon rows of cars sped along the narrow concrete roads. Noise from the movement of cars and the odd occasional sound of a horn were to be heard. Among all this chaos and confusion there I was running, running as far away from my troubles as possible. My heart was pounding vigorously against my chest demanding more and more oxygen. Pain was accumulating in the lower part of my legs causing much agony. The only way that I could stop the pain was to stop running but I kept on running. I run, every now and then when things in life get tough. Every stride I take releases more stress and anger in my body. I was now panting, sweat gathered round my chest making my white cotton tee-shirt wet. I could now feel the force of the cool November air as I was making my way down hill. Maybe I shouldn't have lost my temper with my mum. I could remember the scene at home just fifteen minutes ago which made me very angry. † You've got three English essays to do and you are sitting here watching television!† I recall my mum saying. She just came home from a twelve hour shift from the hospital; physically and emotionally she was very exhausted – it's a stressful job being a doctor. Then she found me in the living room watching television – usually she doesn't say anything about that, but when I have three pieces of coursework due, she gets angry. † You have got to take some responsibility of your own,† I recall her uttering. I can still remember her brown weary eyes looking at me and the expression on her face represented someone who was tired and disappointed. Disappointed to find her only child watching television at a time when he really should be catching up with work – to be honest I don't blame her for getting angry. â€Å"Just trust me,† I remember my self pleading, † You know I will do it.† † When will u do it!†, I think my mum said, † I know when you'll do it, you'll do it at the very last minute, you'll stay up till about two o clock in the morning doing it and this will affect the quality of your essays!.† It was getting colder – maybe I should have worn something more instead of my plain white tee-shirt and my rugby shorts. I turned the bend smoothly and now was going through the final two mile stretch. This is usually the hardest part of the race. It depends on the amount of will power I have. This is the stage where the pain intensifies to such an extent that I could hardly feel my shoulders and legs. The only thing that keeps me going is my raw determination, my anger, my will power. â€Å"Mum, God damn it leave me alone!† I remember shouting when she told me to do my work. â€Å"Just go and mind your own business.† I regretted the fact that I shouted. The expression on her face turned to one of utter surprise and disbelief. Her face reddened with anger, â€Å"Why do you think I work so hard?† I remember her saying. â€Å"It's so that you get a chance in life to get educated and make something of your self!† She explained. â€Å"You don't know how hard life is, it's a harsh world out there, if you do not get educated you will probably end up doing a low- paid unskilled labour work, do u want that? This is when I got angry. I hate it when she says that she works just for me! This is when I got upstairs, changed into my training gear and went running! Sweat was dripping from my nose; my breathing was gradually getting heavier, as I ran on the cemented pavement. I was tired, my vision was getting more and more blurry, and all I could see was the headlights of cars as they drove opposite me. There are two different characters in me when I run, one says: â€Å"Come on you fool, what do you want to be a mediocre or the best?, Run, run, and never stop.† I have no trainer to give me encouragement during the hardest part of the race; therefore I have to provide encouragement myself. The other character says: â€Å"Why are your running fool! Why are you going through so much hardship when you could be sitting at home watching television?† There is a constant battle between my two characters when I run. Sometimes my negative character wins and I stop running but in most cases my positive character wins and I finish my race. Just three hundred yards left; this is the part in the race when I increase my speed to such an extent that I loose all my senses in my legs – they go completely numb. The only thing which could keep me going is my determination, my will to succeed and not be a failure. Another two hundred yards; â€Å"Keep running!† I shouted to myself, â€Å"No pain! No pain!† I kept instructing my self – in fact the only thing I could feel was pain. One hundred more yards left: â€Å"You've done it! Come on!† Finally I finished my run -I was outside my house and I was heavily breathing and sweating. Throughout the whole race all I suffered was pain and anguish- there was times when I thought I was going to stop. However I endeavoured to accomplish the goal I had set for myself. Now all I could feel was complete satisfaction. Maybe, if I set the same attitude towards school work and if I finish tasks in time I would be feeling the same level of satisfaction as I am feeling now. I looked up and saw my mother standing in front of me. â€Å"Released all your anger have you?† she asked with a smile on her face. â€Å"Yes, I'm calm now!† I replied. â€Å"Come on then, I'll make you a cup of tea and then you can get started on your essays!† It's bizarre how the whole atmosphere changes after a four mile run.

Problem analysis for a gym.

Problem analysis for a gym. SummaryThe Top Gym has the potential to excel in all categories of service. Between 11:00am and 1:00pm, however, the trainer on duty cannot serve the bar customers and spot the others members promptly enough. By implementing a few strategies, the trainers will be able to better the clients even during those busiest hours.- Hang posters encouraging teamwork and experienced ones to help newer ones.- Formally introduce newcomers to the regulars to foster partnerships.- Post a chart the members willing and able to provide spots.Table of ContentsIntroduction3Definition of problem3Issues3Potential Hazards and their effects on the business3The Importance of Timing4Suggestions5Conclusion6Appendix7IntroductionTop Gym and its management are proud to run the largest and best-equipped gym in Chateauguay. Employees assist and motivate clients in a professional and encouraging manner. New and long-time clients can agree that the trainers are well experienced and offer high quality advice and train ing for all levels of fitness.A community netball team trains during the week in...Another strength at Top Gym is the service at the bar. The trainers serve those customers efficiently while going back and forth to spot clients still exercising.Some clients have noticed, however, that the trainer on duty is having trouble balancing his duties between 11:00 am and 1:00 pm. During these peek hours, clients crowd the gym therefore raising the demand for the one trainer available to the point where he cannot run the bar and spot the clients promptly enough. How could the clients be spotted and others served at the bar promptly enough during those hours without another trainer?Issues:Potential HazardsThe need for spots cannot be ignored. If clients are not spotted, they can injure themselves severely with the heavy bars and weights. Heavy lifters can even kill themselves if they fail...

Conflict or Order essays

Conflict or Order essays Conflict or Order: Satisfaction With Everyday Life in the US The motivation of this attitude survey is to test structural-functional model and the social conflict model for how society works in the United States. The social-functional paradigm is a framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. Basically this is an idea that our lives are guided by stable patterns of social patterns which are determined by the consequences for the operation of society. The social-conflict paradigm is a framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change. This paradigm highlights division based on inequalities instead of solidarity. By looking at Americans satisfaction with the United States society and life reflect support for the social-functional model, indicating high levels of satisfaction, or support for the social-conflict model, indicating high levels of dissatisfaction with US society. The questionnaire for this survey is attached under the label APPENDIX I. The questionnaire included questions pertaining to the subjects satisfaction with their current work, family and with the educational and medical care systems of the United States. The research is divided into two sections. The first is a sample of six people and the second is a collaboration of a class of eighty-four students results. Results for the classes results are shown in Table 1. Regarding satisfaction with salary, 38% of the subjects were satisfied. In regards to the second issue, again, 38% of those questioned were in act satisfied. Concerning satisfaction with the third issue, class results show that f46 % of the subjects were satisfied. Regarding issue number four, satisfaction ...

How to negotiate maternity leave with your employer

How to negotiate maternity leave with your employer Whether you’re pregnant or merely thinking about expanding your family, it’s important to know how to address the issue with your employer. We know it can be tricky to navigate the discussion, so we’ve compiled some tips on how to approach the topic with your boss. Know what kind of leave you’re owedMany companies offer some kind of paid maternity or parental leave (which can include paternity leave or the time to care for a newly adopted child). The length of time can vary, so be sure to check your own company’s policies to see what the baseline is. With paid leave, the company pays for a certain number of weeks off.If your company doesn’t offer paid leave, or you want to take additional time off for parental leave, then you could be covered by the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA). FMLA leave is unpaid, but it ensures that your job will be secure for up to 12 weeks’ absence. This kind of leave can be used flexibly for any f amily purpose- like maternity or paternity leave, or caring for a sick relative.Have a plan in placeBefore you go to your boss, know what you’re planning to do. How many weeks of paid (or unpaid) leave are you expecting to take? Will you have a mix of paid and unpaid leave? When will it start? When do you anticipate being back? Are you seeking a flexible work schedule once you’re back to work?When you’re planning for your leave, know what it is you want. If your company has a flexible policy or if you’re hoping to negotiate terms outside of the stated leave policy, knowing what your options are and what you want to get out of the discussion is key. The more you have figured out up front, the better you’ll be able to present a sensible plan to your boss and negotiate as necessary.As you prep for your meeting with your boss (in person is best, even if you’ll have to file a written parental leave plan later), it can also help to have informatio n and statistics about how parents and children benefit from that initial bonding time, and how self-care improves outcomes for new parents and their babies.Don’t wait too longIt’s better to start talking with your boss about your plans as soon as you feel comfortable disclosing your pregnancy status. You don’t have to announce it to your entire work world just yet, but kicking things off with a confidential discussion with your boss gives you (and your company) the time you’ll need to plan ahead for your leave.Negotiate to get the leave you wantNegotiating leave is pretty similar to negotiating your initial job offer or when you want a raise. Like with any other negotiation, it’s important to approach it with realistic expectations. Sure, in an ideal world you’d have, say, a year off with pay. In reality, most workplaces offer a limited number of weeks, so it’s unlikely you’d be able to negotiate a huge extension of existing p olicy.Instead, make sure your plan balances what you want and need for your family with your company’s expectations. It may be that you can get more time, but at a reduced salary. Or maybe you can create a flexible schedule where you work a different schedule or part-time for a certain period of time. If you’re seeking something above and beyond your company’s stated policy, be ready to compromise and have other options in mind (like unpaid leave beyond a certain point if your employer can’t or won’t extend a certain amount of paid leave).If you give yourself the time to hash this out with your employer and have all the necessary information at your disposal, you’ll be able to come up with a plan that works for you, while keeping your professional life on track. And don’t forget that haggling over these things now might seem stressful, but it can help you get the most out of your parental leave when the time comes.

Applied Business Project International Business Coursework

Applied Business Project International Business - Coursework Example Moreover, the company even develops software products and ensures their customers of the availability of parts and accessories for their computing needs. HP even gives support and consulting services, the cloud computing which is a revolutionary way of saving data as well as business and IT outsourcing (HP Website, HP Products and Services 2011). The company has indeed come a long way from the humble beginnings of the HP founders. Now, almost every office in the world has HP products. The brand has been a worldwide name and its products and services continue to help shape businesses and even lives all over. Also, the HP way has been scattered across many countries not just in the Americas but across Europe, the Middle East and even across Asia Pacific (for the complete list see Appendix 1). However, the company also experiences many challenges. Moreover, with the advent of globalization, there has been increasing pressure both in and out of the organisation. This is expected though s ince there will be many more competitors in the global arena much more the diverse customer base that companies operating globally have to satisfy. As aptly reported in the 2010 annual report of the company, HP products are sold globally and their services are exposed internationally. Hence, the company’s thrust is fuelled by a diverse global network of business and technical experts that powers the operations of the company and makes the global presence of HP formidable. Hence, it is important that the company is able to manage their diverse global workforce. The cultures of different countries play greatly into the capability of the company and the employees to work harmoniously with each other. It is therefore... It would be a waste of time for HP to set up business to set up shop in some dirt poor country that is void of infrastructure that will necessitate the utilization of the products. Any company would avoid countries with political conflicts which bring about the second advantage which is the political advantage. Countries that are boasting of good governance and respectable taxing institutions are usually the places to go that attracts foreign business strongly. Finally, there is the social and cultural advantage wherein the culture plays a crucial role.HP is not merely an employer but a seller and buyer as well and the company ought to be able to fit into the prevailing trends in their target country to ensure the sustainability of their business. It is important that the company takes into account the internalization advantage that they may utilize wherein they can opt to use different forms of strategies to get into their target markets. HP has many subsidiaries in different countr ies and they ensure that the company's strategies are aptly calibrated to the preferences of the host countries. The company ought to continue their innovative nature. The HP way has provided the company with the ways and means to do so but as Robinson and Chiang puts it, all companies whether they are neophytes or are already established must be able to ensure that their products are continuously patronized by their markets as well as the inherent need especially in the technology sector to anticipate these demands.

Chapter 2+3 of my dissertation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Chapter 2+3 of my dissertation - Essay Example Also, there will be a discussion about the difference between a true follower of a religion and someone who is trying to be more practical, the possibility of applying someone’s religion in another country with a different religion, and the difference between Hindus and Muslims in their beliefs as they are portrayed in the text. Also the Hindu portrayal of God and how that has changed throughout history needs to be explored in The Circle of Reason. instability created in the frontier regions as a result of independence generates the background in this book. The history of India especially after the partition with Pakistan and how the Indians characters in the novel show their nationalism differently are the backbone of this novel. Since religion and nationalism are meshed throughout the story, both will be examined in this chapter. In the end, this chapter will prove that Amitav Ghosh in The Circle of Reason portrays people in realistic situations of colonial/postcolonial India. Even though these characters were placed in unfamiliar situations to readers not from India, Ghosh relates their lives in a humanistic way. Every reader can understand the frailty of human personality from this novel through something familiar to all; religion and nationalism. The Circle of Reason starts with the arrival of a child to a childless couple. A man of reason, Balaram, lost an estranged brother, only to gain his nephew. Balaram studied phrenology, or the studying of skull shape to determine personality traits. Since his nephew’s head was shaped like a potato, Balaram called him Alu. Balaram and another man, Bhudeb Roy, lived in the same village on a border town, until a feud arose between the two men. Religion and nationalism is the undercurrent of a story that deals with superstition and reason. Bhudeb Roy deals in superstition for personal gain, whereas Balaram believes in reason. Various religions are weaved into

Compare multiple stories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Compare multiple stories - Essay Example To begin with, the story Romeo and Juliet was a literary masterpiece which detailed the power of love in the society. The overriding theme and line of thought was the fact that the love that Romeo and Juliet shares was so strong that any other thing in their life did not matter. As much as there is rejection and strong opposition due to the family differences between Romeo and Juliet, the story reiterates that it is the power of love which concurs all. In principle, this story highlights and brings to the front the aspect and issue of the strength of the affection and love that two people share. Comparatively, the story Othello by the same author brings to the gore the issues of the power of love and how rejection or family and social status could be a barrier. It articulates the principle that in the human society, there are things that rarely change such as a person from a wealthy or influential family is expected to just interact and marry from the same class. For instance, Othello courts and dare Desdemona, who was the daughter of Brabantio who was an influential leader in the country. Othello on the hand was just a military commander in the army and by extension he was a worker or servant in of the family of Desdemona. Later on, the other people try to interfere in their love by scheming and putting stain in the relationship or the love affair of Othello and Desdemona. They include Iago and Roderigo who also confirms to have romantic feelings for Desdemona. As the play proceeds, they hatch a plan to instill jealousy and fury in the approaches of Othello through manipul ations and betrayals. At the tail end, the love intrigues and pain bring to the light good reasons to make Othello to kill himself. Comparatively, these two stories all end with tragedies which are occasioned by the hard feelings of sour love and betrayals.

Armenian Organized Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Armenian Organized Crime - Essay Example Currently, the syndicate possesses’ strong public relations that enable it collaborate with bank personnel while executing their schemes through installing register devices to temper with the client’s accounts. Primarily, this group specializes in narcotic trafficking, kidnapping and utilizing technological knowhow to siphon funds from bank accounts (Lovett, 2011). The members steal from banks via fixing credit card â€Å"skimming† gadgets that acquire clients’ accounts’ status prior making bogus debit and credit cards. In some incidences, the gang may be for hire to execute extermination acts. For instance, in politics or business deals where diverse persons keep resentment against their counterparts. This ensures the targeted victim does not benefit from the disputed plan that yields to one’s demise (Albanese, 2012). Currently there are no stipulated laws that â€Å"regulate† organized crime, except civil statutes that try to â€Å"control† it, for instance, RICO Act (Conklin, 2010). The statute involves trying the syndicates’ bosses for the evils they have ordered their subjects to undertake and exempts the doers from punishment. Since the lawbreakers acted not from their will but forced  due to the gang’s loyalty, which entails total adherence. RICO does not effectively curb organized crime, since it only deals with the leaders while the subjects go scot-free (Lovett, 2011). This gives the doers a chance to be more sophisticated in their dealings, hence contributing in creating more numerous similar gangs. Law enforcing units’ estimate that Armenian Crime Syndicate has cost their victims at least $20 Million especially via money laundering and stealing from banks (Lovett, 2011). Additionally, the syndicate has yielded to rampant usage of hard drugs especially among the youths, since they are the drugs’ kingpins (Albanese, 2012). This affects the society grievously because they render youths being

Master of Arts in Quantitative Analysis for Business Personal Statement

Master of Arts in Quantitative Analysis for Business - Personal Statement Example I have a desire to make educational and professional progress in the field of business management because of my huge interest in this field. I also want to take part in the economic progress and development and of my country. I have a belief that a country can progress only if its citizens get high quality education from the most prestigious universities of the world. Through the research, I have come to know that the name of university would be the most suitable university, which can help me fulfill my aim to get a high quality master’s degree in the field of business. I am seeking a career in some field related to statistical business analysis, and that can be possible if I get the opportunity to study under the supervision of highly qualified faculty of this university. I believe that my relevant educational background and interest in business management make me a suitable candidate for getting admission in the name of university. I am sending this statement of purpose to get admission in the Master’s of Arts in Quantitative Analysis for Business program. I would be grateful if the authorities accept my application and let me pursue my academic goals from this great university. I am looking forward to hear from you

Armenian Organized Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Armenian Organized Crime - Essay Example Currently, the syndicate possesses’ strong public relations that enable it collaborate with bank personnel while executing their schemes through installing register devices to temper with the client’s accounts. Primarily, this group specializes in narcotic trafficking, kidnapping and utilizing technological knowhow to siphon funds from bank accounts (Lovett, 2011). The members steal from banks via fixing credit card â€Å"skimming† gadgets that acquire clients’ accounts’ status prior making bogus debit and credit cards. In some incidences, the gang may be for hire to execute extermination acts. For instance, in politics or business deals where diverse persons keep resentment against their counterparts. This ensures the targeted victim does not benefit from the disputed plan that yields to one’s demise (Albanese, 2012). Currently there are no stipulated laws that â€Å"regulate† organized crime, except civil statutes that try to â€Å"control† it, for instance, RICO Act (Conklin, 2010). The statute involves trying the syndicates’ bosses for the evils they have ordered their subjects to undertake and exempts the doers from punishment. Since the lawbreakers acted not from their will but forced  due to the gang’s loyalty, which entails total adherence. RICO does not effectively curb organized crime, since it only deals with the leaders while the subjects go scot-free (Lovett, 2011). This gives the doers a chance to be more sophisticated in their dealings, hence contributing in creating more numerous similar gangs. Law enforcing units’ estimate that Armenian Crime Syndicate has cost their victims at least $20 Million especially via money laundering and stealing from banks (Lovett, 2011). Additionally, the syndicate has yielded to rampant usage of hard drugs especially among the youths, since they are the drugs’ kingpins (Albanese, 2012). This affects the society grievously because they render youths being

Can Orton and Ravenhilll be described as radical queers Essay

Can Orton and Ravenhilll be described as radical queers - Essay Example Still, there was a contention that Orton somehow managed to contribute to the movement for gay rights.4 Mark Ravenhill who was openly gay and forthright about being HIV positive weaved together plays that waged an assault on social structures and arguably advocated for social change for the oppressed including gays.5 This essay argues that both Ravenhill and Orton are properly characterized as radical gays. In order to demonstrate queer radicalism on the part of Orton and Ravenhill, this essay conducts an analysis of some of their plays that substantiate this claim. This essay is therefore divided into two parts. The first part of this essay analyses some of Orton’s plays as a means of demonstrating that he can be properly characterized as a radical queer. The second part of this essay also analysed some of Ravenhill’s plays as a means of demonstrating that Ravenhill was also a radical queer. Nakayama argues that Orton’s plays were self-conscious creations of an alternative to the standard heterosexual society and in particular the â€Å"bourgeois norm of the nuclear family† as opposed to a â€Å"neurotic repetition of it†.6 Regardless there are two perspectives relative to whether or not Orton was indeed a queer radical. One perspective argues that Orton given the times in which Orton wrote, his plays indicate that he was â€Å"an advance guard of† the sexual revolution and a â€Å"sort of fifth columnist among sexual conservatives†.7 That some of Orton’s plays such as What the Butler Saw focused so sharply on clandestine sexuality that it was obvious that Orton was content to â€Å"remain in the closet without directly confronting the sexual powers that were†.8 The criticisms of What the Butler Saw arise out of what Orton failed to do rather than what he actually did in the play. Butler was written in 1967 before theatre censorship had come to an end. However, since

Contact Zones Essay Example for Free

Contact Zones Essay Parodies are pieces of writing or presentations that deliberately copy and make fun of other writings or subjects. Although parodies may offend or make others uncomfortable, they have a peculiar way of benefitting learners by forcing them outside of their natural realms, allowing them to be analytical, and curious of their surroundings. Mary Louise Pratt describes this as creating a contact zone where parody, critique, and unseemly comparisons create social disruptions in which students are challenged. In her essay â€Å"Arts of the Contact Zone,† she proposes that classrooms should take up this style of educating. What would a contact zone in a classroom perform like? Out of all the elements that are capable of creating a contact zone, parody is one of the more familiar choices that would behave well in a classroom. Say for instance an English classroom is designed to be a parody of the students for a week. The professor decided that maybe the students are not performing as well as he had hoped. They haven’t been coming to class, they do not always bring their drafts and their efforts on their papers are lacking. He wants to challenge them by informing his students about all the stereotypes aimed at young students. He brings up statistics about texting in class, the percentage of homework actually turned in on time, the hours a night spent studying, partying, or drinking, test scores and more. He mocks them when he walks in the classroom, wearing baggy clothes and a sideways hat. He asks them to repeat their questions claiming he wasn’t listening because he was texting on his phone. What kind of reaction would the students have to this kind of behavior? As a student in this classroom, a person might be confused, angry even at the assumptions made about his or her generation. Everyone is different. The professor can’t make a generalization about everyone in the class based on a stereotype. It is not fair. But what the professor is really doing is allowing the students to question themselves. â€Å"The very nature of the course put ideas and identities on the line,† (496) Pratt says about a course similar to this. The students, seeing themselves in another person’s  perspective, may begin to question how they define themselves. Likewise, they will begin to analyze how their newly questioned selves affect their judgments on other elements of their lives, such as people they know or opinions they had prior. This is important because it gives them room to make change if they are dissatisfied with their findings. Although the classroom might have acted as a community, the separation between the students and the teacher by this newly established contact zone may start to break it apart. The students begin to form a safe house. â€Å"We use the term to refer to social and intellectual spaces where groups can constitute themselves as horizontal, homogeneous, sovereign communities with high degrees of trust, shared understandings, temporary protection from legacies of oppression† (497). In other words, a safe house is a group of people with like fears or concerns who find comfort in each other’s understandings of the conflicts within the contact zone. The parody the professor is making of his students would be discomforting and flamboyant; enough so that they would confide in each other for a reasonable explanation. Although each student is different, every person has room for personal growth and achievement; therefore â€Å"despite whatever conflicts or systematic social differences might be at play, it is assumed that all participants are engaged in the same game and that the game is the same for all players† (494). Pratt states that for the most part this is true, although there are a few exceptions. In this case however, we are assuming that the â€Å"game† is improvement individually, not to a set classroom standard. The professor expects each student to out-perform his stereotype, whatever it may be, and become more studious overall. In a way, safe houses have the potential to transform into alliances, where those communities could come together to attempt to defeat something bigger than their individual parts. For example, the students, embarrassed by what society has believed thus far of young scholars, may form an alliance and agree that the only way to change this viewpoint is if they all consent in working towards eradicating this label on the young people. They will learn to work hard to achieve success and think past what critiques may bound them to. Now there exists a choice the students can make: do they want to live up to the judgments made of them, becoming self-fulfilling prophecies, or do they want to prove their professor wrong? Most students would choose to challenge the professor’s exaggerated opinion. Therefore, unknowingly the students would react the way the professor determined they would. They start coming to class on time, engage in discussions and turn in their homework. They mute their phones and actually pay attention. All they are trying to prove is that the professor’s belief of them is false. Not every young student is neglectful of his work and not every young student would rather be somewhere else. Pratt’s idea of incorporating contact zones in classrooms in this case worked out well. The students became aware of whom they were perceived as and who they wanted to be. This challenge could work for any classroom. It is not unique to English classes alone. If a person is capable of feeling shame, embarrassment and guilt, the contact zone method could be very successful.

LOreal one of the leading cosmetic companies

LOreal one of the leading cosmetic companies Introduction It is era of globalization where competition are increasing day by day, due to competition, it is hard for company to keep hold policy , old method of production . Companies need change to stay in the market. LOreal is a one of leading cosmetic company who is producing world famous brands , company regular making changes , like acquisition policy , building new research centres in most of developed countries. Using technology, and making stakeholder collaboration through using this technology. Organization structure and culture of the organization can play key role in the process of change . Change is not just changing the method of production but can be any type of change , either recruiting polices , making fair laws , adopting new laws which are implementing etc. Company background LOreal is known as the worlds leading cosmetics organization which has a portfolio that consists of many worlds dominant beauty products. Company sales almost 80% doing from outside the France, with action in every key region . It is only Cosmetics Company which has distribution, almost 140 countries. In year 1907 a young French chemist Eugene Schuler, developed a creative hair-colour formula. The named this new, completely safe hair dye Aureole. The history of LOreal began; Eugene Schueller invented and manufactured their own products. LOreal started their production with hair-colour business, but the company quickly pronged out in to other beauty products. Company marketing more than 5 hundreds brand and which have thousands of special products in all division of the beauty business. Styling aids, Hair colour, permanents, body and skin care, cleansers and fragrances. They are found in all distribution channels, from hair salons and perfumeries to hyper the supermarkets, health and beauty outlets, pharmacies and direct mail. DIFFERENT BRANDS AT LOREAL LOreal strives to make a reality within the reach of every woman and every man. CONSUMER PRODUCTS Ggarnier LOreal Paris Le club des createurs Maybelline ny Soft sheen Carson PROFESSIONAL PRODUCTS Loreal professional Kerastase Redken Matrix Mizani LUXURY PRODUCTS Lancom Biotherm Helena rubinstein Kiehls Shu uemura Giorgio armani Ralph lauren Cacharel Viktor rolf Diesel ACTIVE COSTEMETICS Vichy La roche-posay Ineov Skin ceuticals ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS Kotler .P. (1996) Planning start with complete analysis of companys situation, company do analyse environmental to find the opportunities and to escape threats of environment. For change and its implementation environmental analyse is play dominant role. SWOT ANALYSIS Needham Dave Dransfield Rob( 2000) SWOT analysis is known as strategic planning tool which used to assess strengths , weaknesses , opportunities and threats STRENGTH LOreal is considered the biggest seller of hair care and beauty product in the whole world, spotlighting on 19 global brands. Numbers of these products are expanded through price and some by culture image. LOreal is building the attraction of various cultures through its products. Consequently, LOreal is reaching out more people across a bigger range of incomes and cultures. The 2nd strength is that LOreal offering a huge significance and spending lots on research and improvement uses and expands leading-edge technology and effectively introduces new product. Company has about 16 research centres across the world and 13 evaluation centres. Its opened recently opened new research and development centre in, Shanghai China . LOreal strategy of diversity and training of its workforce is one of the assets. Company employing group of people from different backgrounds which leads to improve creativity and innovation. Development and preparation can play vital part of life at LOreal each year approximately 100 employees attend industry-specific and leadership development training and conferences at LOreal management development centres in Tokyo, Paris and New York. LOreals acquisition strategy- aspirant on integrating recognized and well-known brands. Examples of unbeaten acquisitions are Carson Inc which measured as the 3rd largest provider of adult womens hair relaxer in America. The acquisition of body shop the British natural based cosmetics retailer with bout 2,290 stores through out worldwide. Company making more attractive to the green consumer those strives no doubt after look both their environment and body , there is no doubt. Company strength stated as strong sales diagonally all geographical area with rising posting market the faster like for like growth rate for the phase. Its took advantages of economies of scale in packaging and advertising result as a LOreal operation profitability which has been increased through cost cutting efforts. WEAKNESSES Organizational decentralized structure which makes control more tricky. Global market functioning , the problems increase due to coordination and control of performances and image. Companys geographical power is currently determined on western European over trust on full grown Western European market ,which gives maturity offers few predictions for growth. During 90s LOreal was hit by claims over past links to racial discrimination, anti-Semitism which are giving of jobs to Nazi co-workers after the World War two. They went some way to satisfy there critics with a boardroom change and other measures. Liliane Bettencourt, LOreals main shareholder, is known as the wealthiest lady in France. Two years ago LOreals slogan was reduced from Because Im worth it to Because youre worth it after fears in France that the original emerged too money-oriented. During July 2007, the Garnier division and an external employment agency were fined à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬30,000 for employment practices that disqualified non-white women from sponsoring its shampoo, Fructis Style. LOreal is report as proverb the decision was incomprehensible, and will challenge the measure in court. During May 2007, LOreal was one of number cosmetic manufacturers ordered by the Therapeutic Goods Administration in Australia (The TGA is responsible for conducting assessment and monitoring activities to ensure that therapeutic goods accessible in Australia are of an acceptable standard and that access to therapeutic advances is in a timely manner) to withdraw advertising regarding the wrinkle elimination capabilities of their products. One experienced candidate said she realize it was not eligible because she was of mixed race. In July 2007, the British Advertising Standards Authority knocked LOreal for a television commercial on its Telescopic mascara, featuring Penà ©lope Cruz, stating it will make you eyelashes 60% longer. In reality, it only made the lashes look 60% bigger, with thickening and separating the roots and by thickening the tips of the lashes. They also failed to state that the model was wearing false eyelashes, a common trick of the trade. Rumours of LOreals failing in US have been seriously inflated as The groups North American division is yet the smallest contributor to sales, accounting for approximately 25% of the total in the first nine months of 2007 and contributing barely 13.5% of sales growth in that period. Different emission gases causing harm to environment Great disaster for the environment storage of different fuels and chemicals underground. Different flammable and gases toxic mainly fire used for different chemical reactions is consider major risk for environment. It is first French organization which is convicted for racial bias cosmetic giant fined for its recruitment campaign. July, 7 2009 The Guardian an article regarding worlds biggest beauty firm Part of the cosmetics giant LOreal was found guilty of racial discrimination after it sought to exclude non-white women from promoting its shampoo. It is a landmark case, the Garnier division of the beauty empire, along with a recruitment agency it employed, were fined à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬30,000 ( £20,300) each after they recruited women on the basis of race. The historic ruling the first time a major company has been found guilty of systematic race discrimination in France saw a senior figure at the agency given a three-month suspended prison sentence.(The Guardian, July, 7, 2009). OPPORTUNITIES Company has chance to develop rising presence in promising markets their activities in rising areas such as Eastern Europe, Africa and Middle East where growth in cosmetics and toiletries sales is normally to precede that of global sales. It has a three largest potential market to expand which are Russia, Brazil and china. LOreals acquisition of already recognized brands offered opportunities to enter new areas at lower costs Diversity by promise. Training at school levels Adopted measures to combat discrimination and support diversity and equal opportunity for all by signing charter for Corporate Commitment to Equal Opportunities in France. Worldwide profit sharing scheme Increase in proportion of Female manager up to 54% and 34% in management committees LOreal set up 22 Observatories on diversity in France. LOreal helped the Disadvantaged finding jobs about 657,429 applications received of which 63,691 were interviewed and 2,333 managers were recruited which is 15% higher than 2005. Follow Up and Integration Track FIT is a project started by LOreal for optimum integration of new employees. LOreal since 2001 started Worldwide Profit Sharing Plan implanted in all the countries. Opportunities for suppliers with a commitment of long term partnership based on mutual respect, sharing of information, transparency and strong communication and high standards. Share their expertise with suppliers to overcome challenges in the outer world with regular business reviews, logistics, and development, packaging and innovation meetings. SHE (Safety, Health and Environment) to identify strategic business opportunities. Signing up of letter for Ethical Commitment by suppliers available in 11 languages. Opening of 89 new stores in Western Europe 15, North America 8 and rest of the world 66. LOreal market share with Body Shop in 2006 is 15.6% THREATS Rivalry from private labels, LOreal is facing threats from growing shocks of private label products. Several of private label cosmetics and toiletries are getting better in quality and attracting customers. The bigger problem for global brands like LOreal is that the retailers are turning over more and more shelf space to their own labels. Brand Copying risk Dubai Perfume Company Bellure sold low-value scents that it stated smelled same as perfumes. It marketed the products on this basis, using wrapping that winked at the related company designs, and published assessment charts that named exacting company perfumes. LOreal sued for infringement of its trademarks and passing off, declaring that Bellures marketing materials took excessive advantage of the quality and repute of LOreals perfume brands. Company won the first round in the High Court, but in 2007 the case came to the Court of Appeal. It is now in limbo, pending a ruling from the ECJ, but a swing the other way looks likely. The Court of Appeals view was that the public are not stupid. It was unconvinced there was any likelihood that a low-value smell-alike product would be confused with the original and took the view that, even if Bellure gained an advantage through comparing its products to LOreals, it did not follow that it was an unfair advantage. (I marketi ng journal)  (Nov 28, 2007): PORTERS FIVE FORCES Porter (1980) in an industry the state of competition depends on five basic competitive forces. The combined strength of these forces establishes the final profit possible in the industry, where profit potential is prà ©cised in term of long run return on invested capital. Not all industries have the similar potential. They differ fundamentally in their ultimate profit potential as the collective strength of the forces differs; the forces range from intense industries. Bargaining Power of Buyers: Buyers power is high as there is a large range of products and every company is competing to attract the customers. Nevertheless LOreals sole products put it in the top of competition. Bargaining Power of Suppliers: Bargaining power of traders is low because of LOreals acquisitions of several brands and also due to its huge market share which gives it the potential for monopoly. Additionally, LOreals strategy is to create strong and long term relationship with their traders. Competitive Rivalry: Aggressive rivalry in the cosmetic industry is high. There are many of existing cosmetic companies challenging in the market and the major competitors of LOreal are Unilever and Proctor Gamble. LOreal decreases the competition by acquiring many well known brands in the market and also, it succeeded to stay ahead of the competition because of its strong portfolio of global brands. Threats of new entrants: The threat of new candidate is low and it is hard for new companies to enter this market. Barriers to entering this market contain: The extensive time and expense essential to build a brand status to overcome existing costumers likings. The extensive costs for promotional and commercial activity to protect the distribution and situation of a new entrants products in retail outlets. The incapability of a new candidate to recover rapidly its huge investment in promoting its brand. The difficulty of securing shelf-space in retail outlets. Threat of Substitutes: Products alternative are not presented in the market. LOreal products are distinguished from other products because of its strong assurance to research and development. It functions 12 research and development centres around the world. All of its products are based-on intensive scientific research and on gradually more targeted advance to enhance the quality. It employs 3,000 scientists who work in state-of-the-art research centres around the world. This allows it to justify price differences as compared with low priced products and retailer brands. (Loreal websit) Information Technology and LOreal Koontz H and Weihrich H( 1999) IT can play vital role affecting the scale ,nature of business for instance ,IT used in connection to sales based ordering (SBO) or efficient consumer response (ECR) ,provide help to organisation to reduce the cost and remove the time barriers . John Dawson (1996) IT provide knowledge based investment , alliance based investment and productivity based investment ,which provide opportunity for new entrants in the market .For LOreal success IT is a key factor , it can further help to reduce the cost and making the right decision at right time , at right cost , at right place. LOreal operating in many countries, IT provides the connectivity with all stakeholder and first hand interaction. Diversification of business Zook and Allen (2001) It suggest that most sustainable growth Pattern is that of the strong or leading core business that remuneration from continual reinvestment, constant adaptation to circumstances or business environment, and persistent leveraging of the competitive advantage formed by these strengths into new markets or geographies, applications, or channels. Further suggest that management teams constantly meet with opportunities for concentric diversification and that taking advantage of these opportunities is at times absolutely necessary in order to strengthen the core. Leavitt, H.J. (1965), Diversification helps to manage the change , like company build their operation in many countries and reduce the cost. CHANGE MANAGEMENT Czarniawska, B. (1999), Change management (or change control) is the process during which the changes of a system are implemented in a controlled manner by following a pre-defined system with, to some extent, reasonable changes. Change management is a structured approach to transitioning individuals, teams, and organizations from a present state to a desired state. The current definition of Change Management includes both organizational change management framework and individual change management models, which together are used to manage the people change management. Individual change management A number of techniques are available for understanding the transitioning of individuals through the phases of change management and strengthening organizational development initiative in both government and corporate sectors. Unfreeze-Change-Refreeze Leftwich, R.L. (1979), An early model of change developed by Kurt Lewin described change as a three stage procedure. The first stage he called unfreezing. It involved overcoming inertia and dismantling the existing ideas. In the second stage the change occurs. This is typically a period of confusion and transition with a little tinge of chaos. The old picture is being replaced by a new one.. The third and final stage he called freezing (often called refreezing by others). The new ideas are being accepted and ones comfort level is returning to previous levels not completely though. Rosch (2002) argues that this often quoted three-stage version of Lewins approach is an oversimplification and that his theory was actually more complex and owed more to physics than behavioural science. Different theorists give different versions according to their research and experiences respectively. . Although elaborating the process to five stages, Judson (1991) still proposes a linear, staged model o f implementing a change: (a) analysing and planning the change; (b) communicating the change; (c) gaining acceptance of new behaviours; (d) changing from the status quo to a changed state, and (e) consolidating and institutionalising the new states. ADKAR The ADKAR model for individual and organizational change management was developed by Prosci with participation from more than 1000 organizations from 59 countries. This model describes five required stages for change to be realized successfully on an individual level. The building blocks of the ADKAR Model include: Awareness of why the change is needed Desire to support and give input in the change Knowledge of how to change Ability to implement new skills and behaviors Reinforcement to sustain the change Organizational change management Fill C (2002), Organizational change management includes techniques and tools for managing the people side of the change at an organizational level. These tools are used by the leaders of the organization and include a structured approach that combined with an understanding of individual change management, provide a model for managing the people side of change. Organizational change management processes include techniques for creating a change management strategy (readiness assessments), engaging senior managers as change leaders (sponsorship), building awareness of the need for change (communications), developing skills and knowledge to support the change(education and training), helping employees move through the transition (coaching by managers and supervisors), and methods to sustain the change (measurement systems, rewards and reinforcement) The role of the management Leftwich, R.L. (1979), Managements responsibility and particularly that of administration is to detect trends in the macro environment as well as in the micro environment so as to be able to identify changes and initiate programs and determine the economic scenario . It is also important to estimate what impact a change will likely have on employee behavior patterns, work processes, technological requirements, motivation and availability of resources. Management must assess what employee reactions will be and craft a change management program that will provide support as workers go through the process of accepting and adopting the change. The program must then be implemented, communicated effectively throughout the organization, monitored for effectiveness, and adjustments be made where necessary. Organizations exist within a dynamic environment that is subject to change due to the impact of various factors both external and internal . To continue to operate effectively within this e nvironmental roller coaster, organizations must be able to change themselves in response to internally and externally initiated change in minimum span of time and be adaptable to change,hence flexible enough . However, change will also impact upon the individuals within the organization. Effective change management requires an understanding of the possible effects of change upon people, and how to manage potential sources of resistance to that change. For instance people react within the organization by forming anti groups and retaliate and oppose the change. Mostly technological changes trigger this point and when new systems are replaced by old systems then conventions take a stand and people react and oppose this transition. Change can be said to occur where there is an imbalance between the current state and the environment on the whole. Decision Downloading Czarniawska, B. (1999)Often changes are initiated at a very senior level of management in the organization without any participation from others. For example, mergers, layoffs, and company acquisitions rarely involve input from employees at any level but the most senior. In fact, most employees are kept in the dark. These situations require special types of change management practices. As the decisions get unfolded to the rest of the organization there is a high probability that misunderstandings, angwish, and resilliance will surface. Researchers have determined that employee buy-in can be hastened by assertively unfolding the decision. Executives who use an assertive style of downloading or announcing the decision include the following points in their message: a) how the decision was made b)reasons why it was made c) what alternatives were considered d) how it fits in with the organizational mission and aims e) how it impacts the organization f) how it impacts employees. Executives who use this more vigorous approach to communicating double the rate of acceptance when compared to more impoverished methods. Change Management on the level of society Mats Larsson, in the book Global Energy Transformation (2009), suggests that change management will become necessary on the level of society in order to transform energy systems on a large scale globally|. Conversion of global systems of transportation, energy supply and industrial processes from grass root level is an undertaking that will require massive investments, change in individual behavior and company routines on a large scale and during a short span of time. This effort will also require the co-operation of many companies, public organizations and individuals. In order to achieve this on the scale of nations and regions, huge government expenditure will be required . Larsson mentions how the management principles and tools of change management could be applied in large scale national programs of mass transformation. Larsson uses as examples previous large scale change and development programs in the United States, in which many models that are now used in corporate change management projects have been developed and used. These programs are the transformation of US industry to war production during The Second World War, The Marshall Plan and The Apollo Program. Each of these programs have different focuses and management models, but they are examples of successful large scale change management efforts on the level of society. John P Kotters eight steps to successful change John Kotters highly recommended books Leading Change (1995) and the follow-up The Heart of Change (2002) describe a helpful formula for understanding and managing change. Each stage acknowledges a key principle identified by Kotter relating to peoples response and approach to change, in which people see, feel and observe followed by the Kotters eight step change model that can be summarised as : Increase urgency,motivate people to move, make objectives real and relevant. Build the right team get the right people in place with the right emotional commitment, and the right combination of skills and expertise. Get the vision right get the team to establish a simple vision and strategy, focus on emotional and creative aspects necessary to drive service and efficiency with essential ingredient of commitment. Communicate for buy-in Involve as many people as possible, communicate the essentials, simply, and to appeal and respond to peoples needs and listen to the peoples needs. Harmonize their needs with the organizational goals on the whole. De-clutter communications make technology work for you rather than against for instance its a global village internet, media has advanced so much , so unfold the information down the organization as quickly as you can to penetrate deep into the minds of people for their fast adaptability to the new situation. Implement the change Remove barriers, enable potential feedback and lots of support from leaders reward and recognise progress and achievements after implementation of change. Create short-term wins Set aims that are easy to achieve in bite-size chunks. Manageable numbers of initiatives. Finish current stages before starting new ones. Dont let up Foster and encourage determination and persistence ongoing change encourage ongoing progress reporting highlight achieved and future milestones. Make change stay Reinforce the value of successful change via new recruitment, promotional rewards, new change leaders. Blend change into culture. Cultural change Culture are known as norms , values , policies , strategy , and policies of the organization . Cultures represent the company way of doing the business. It is a era of globalization where though competition between the firms , cultural change play dominant role for the success of the organization . Organization structure represent the organization culture , if the organization have centralize organization structure , then decision make mostly central level , decentralize structure , increase power sharing between organization . Specially in case of LOreal it is big question how organization culture keep same in the world because, organization acquisition policy , create question mark for organization culture . Like Morrison took the Safe ways, but later the sold number of store because they cant adopt them according to their own culture. People who like a change tend to go through three stages unrealistic optimism , reality shock , and constructive direction . When someone fears or dislikes a change , a more complex process involving five tends to occur getting off on the wrong track , laughing it off , experiencing growing self doubt , buying in and moving in a constructive direction . Managers are challenged to help employees deal effectively with reality shock and self doubts. LOreal STRATEGY Koontz H and Weihrich H( 1999) Strategy term is a general programs of action and deployment of resources to attain comprehensive objectives. According to some authors mentioned strategy means guideline, or long term plans. Hardy Cynthia (1994) global strategy is Setting a a matter of adjusting as much as possible the business functions-manufacturing , procurement, marketing , distribution, and RD -within the constraint of trade and investment barrier in a way which provide the best possible product/market fits. In a few cases, the best fit is a standardized product; in others a customized product fits best. Making a global strategy often involves subsequent a zig-zag line between standardization and flexibility, trading off the costs and benefits of one against those of the other. Cateora R.Philip (1997) formative a firms global strategy and shaping the organization to achieve goals and objectives are the two middle tasks of global marketing management that describe the level of international integration of the company. Companies must contract with multitude of strategic issues including the extent of the internationalisation of operations. Company tends to develop multi-culture in their underlying brands. This strategy proves to be very successful in reality and even played a dominant role in LOreals success. The most representative example is Maybelline New York. LOreal developed Maybellines brand culture instead of upsetting it after its acquisition of Maybelline. The sales figure dramatically rose after the acquisition and Maybelline product enter into more than 90 countries. Maybelline became a stylish global brand for all women all around the world from a merely regional brand. LOreal to create the advantages is to spread around strategic investment by sharing the production of innovation between different product divisions. LOreal relied on distribution channel to carry out its strategy of brand structure. There are four product departments in LOreals structure. Every department has several brands and each brand has many names Strategic position of the company in relation to market Mabey (1994) Company is boosting their brands architecture through acquiring different brands and increasing its operation in the world market. Its acquired Maybelline brand in 1996 for their strategic policy, Mini nurse in China, In Japan Luxury brand Shu Uemura , through acquisition strategy. Future expansion the most fast growing markets like China market , effective and cost efficient strategy , Company is leading in cosmetic industry , and won number of certificate and hold major market shares as shown in below figure. Above diagram ,clearly shows the market share of the company ,which hold 45% share , it is leading position inmarket. Information system Strategy Cameron Kim ( 1993) Information technology can play a dominant role in this competitive world , information is data endowed with relevance and purpose. Data such as names numbers , and places need to be organized and interpreted in a timely manner if they are to be useful in decision making . Information should have a surprise effect, meaning that it should shed light on the unknown. Information that does not surprise or elignten the individual is probably irrelevant or redundant . Because information is the lifeblood of organization endeavor and strategic tool of increasing importance , manager need to ,view information as a resource , understand the cost of information , know how to organize and comprehend information and be familiar with the basics of information processing . Information technology includes all mechanical and electronic devices capable of producing , manipulating , transmitting and storing words , numbers , pictures and sound. The knowledge to operate these devices also qualifies as information technology .

Plato: Patriot Or Dissident :: essays research papers

Plato, the Greek philosopher is considered to be one of the greatest thinkers in history and is called by one scholar â€Å"the fountainhead through which all western thought flows.† In his book The Republic he outlines what the perfect city-state would look like and how it would operate. Along his path of reason he makes no attempt to hide his disdain for other political systems. That includes democracy, a system he does not seem to agree with. In fact, from what I read, Plato obviously disagrees with democracy and its principals. Plato ranks democracy fourth out of what he considers to be the five major constitutions. Just barely ahead of tyranny! He even ranks it behind oligarchy; a constitution that he himself states in 552a of The Republic is the first kind of city to admit the greatest of all evils! Why does he believe this? Are all the freedom loving Americans with red, white, and blue bumper stickers on their gas guzzling cars wrong? If so, what are they missing? To understand Plato’s claim that democracy is nothing but a stopgap on the way to tyranny one must first understand Plato’s viewpoint. Plato is credited with developing a school of thought called Platonic Idealism. Platonic Idealism is based upon the assumption that the essence of the qualities you predicate to things is eternal. Examples of that are ideas such as justice, piety or equality. While we may not be able to readily define them we all know what they are and can identify them when seen. Plato contends that only through philosophy can we express those essences in language. Plato translates his assumption to mean there is something inside each and every person that is the same, it comes inborn, and contains those eternal principals. That inborn intellectual part of every person is what Plato calls the soul. Souls are like those ideas or essences they are eternal. However, if everybody has this greatest truth that is called a soul inside them, why do people do stupid selfish things or even make mistakes at all? Plato’s explanation is that the material part of us, the body stops the intellectual part from exercising the knowledge it has. The analogy that Plato uses is that of a clouded eye. It goes that the soul is like an eye that can see those eternal ideas and truths but the body and its desires cloud the view.

Project Feasibility Study

BREAKFAST: Brunch Egg Breakfast Recipe Ingredients: 6 eggs, beaten 6 slices bacon, cooked and crumbled 2 cups unseasoned croutons 1 1/2 cup shredded cheddar cheese 2 1/2 cups milk 1/2 teaspoon mustard 1/8 teaspoon onion powder 1/2 teaspoon salt 1 dash pepper Directions: 1. Place croutons and cheese in the bottom of a greased 9Ãâ€"13 pan. 2. Combine eggs, milk and seasonings; pour into baking dish. 3. Sprinkle with bacon. 4. Bake at 325 until set (55-65 min). Serve immediately. BEEF TAPA AND LONGGANISA Ingredients: Skinless Longanisa/ Longanisa Nuggets 350g ground pork tbsp soy sauce 1/2 tsp salt 5 cloves garlic, smashed and minced 1 tbsp vinegar 1 tbsp Mirin (sweet rice wine) (optional, or Worshteshire sauce) 1 tsp ground pepper 2 tbsp sugar Procedure: 1. Mix all ingredients 2. Scoop a mixture using a tbsp, put it into the wax paper/cling wrap and roll the wrap and shape it like a sausage, mini sausage. The wrap will serve as a the longanisa cover and to separate one from the other, and it should be removed before frying. OR if you want to eat it immediately, scoop a mixture, shaped it like a sausage or any shape you want, then fry them. . Store longanisa in the freezer (2 to 3 days), when you want to eat them, boil a little water (4 tbsp) and put your longanisa (unwrapped) , cover it for 5 mins, remove longanisa and fry them. serve with garlic-chili-vinegar. A little burnt on the outside won't hurt, it's more yummy.. LUNCH: CHICKEN DRUMMETS Ingredients: 10 pieces chicken drumsticks 1/2 cup garlic ranch dressing 1 1/4 cups breadcrumbs 1 (8-gram) pack Maggi Magic Sarap All-in-One Seasoning Procedure: 1 Toss and coat drumsticks with garlic ranch dressing. Chill in the refrigerator for 30 minutes. In a large bowl, mix together breadcrumbs with Maggi Magic Sarap All-in-One Seasoning. Roll each drumstick in breadcrumb-seasoning mixture until well-coated. 3 Deep-fry drumsticks in hot oil until golden and cooked through. Coco nutty Shrimps Ingredients: 1/4 kilo large shrimps (about 2 dozens) 1/2 cup dessicated coconut 3/4 cup garlic peanuts 1/3 cup flour 1 egg, lightly beaten 1 tablespoon lime juice salt and pepper to taste lime wedges for squeezing Procedure: 1 Devein and peel shrimps leaving tail intact. 2 Pat dry shrimps using a napkin. Transfer to a plate. Lightly sprinkle with salt and pepper. Using a food processor, process together coconut and peanuts until finely chopped. 4 Place flour in a bowl and season with salt and pepper. In another bowl, combine egg and lime juice. In a third bowl, place processed coconut and peanuts. 5 Dip shrimps one at a time first in flour mixture, second in egg and lime mixture, then in coconut-peanut mixture. 6 Deep-fry in hot oil until golden; about 3 minutes. Serve with lime wedges. DINNER: Ingredients: 3 lb whole chicken legs; drumsticks and thighs 3/4 cup distilled white vinegar 2 garlic cloves; crushed 1 bay leaf 1/4 teaspoon ground black pepper 6 tablespoons soy sauceProcedure: In a large kettle combi ne the chicken, the vinegar, the garlic, the bay leaf, the pepper and 1/2 cup water. Bring the mixture to a boil and simmer it, covered, for 20 minutes. Add the soy sauce and simmer the mixture, covered, for 20 minutes. Transfer the chicken with tongs to an oven-proof platter and discard the outer skin. Place platter in oven and grill both sides for about 15 minutes until browned. Strain the broth through a sieve, return it to the kettle and boil for 10 minutes or until it is reduced to about 1/2 cup Remove chicken from the oven, pour the sauce over it and serve with rice.Bistek Filipino Style Beef Steak Ingredients________________________________________ †¢400grams of beef fillet, thinly sliced †¢75ml light soy sauce †¢75ml dark soy saucet †¢250ml water †¢juice of 1 lemon †¢2 tablespoons of vegetable oil †¢1 large onion, sliced in rings How to make it ________________________________________ †¢In a pan add the beef, along with the soy sauces, water and lemon juice. Bring to the boil and let it simmer for about 10-15 mins until the beef is tender. Taste the sauce. If it's too sour, add more soy sauce or if too salty, add more lemon juice.It should be a balance of sourness and saltiness. †¢Once tender, remove the liquid to a bowl and leave aside. Let any remaining liquid in the pan evaporate off then add the oil. Gently fry the beef for a couple of minutes then add the onions. Cook till the onions are translucent and still have a little crunch. Add back the liquid and let simmer for another 2 minutes. †¢Serve with steam rice. DESSERT Creme Brulee You can prepare and eat this as is, or make it a touch more interesting with fruits and chopped chocolates. Makes 6 to 8 cups Prep and Cooking Time 45 minutes 2 cups cream vanilla bean, split lengthwise 6 egg yolks 1/4 cup white sugar 1/4 cup confectioners' or powdered sugar 1 Preheat oven to 160? C. 2 In a heavy saucepan, bring the cream to a boil together with the van illa bean. 3 In a large bowl, beat together egg yolks and sugar until pale yellow in color. 4 Set aside vanilla bean and pour the boiling cream to the yolk-sugar mixture. Mix well. 5 With the tip of a paring knife, scrape the insides of the vanilla bean. Add scrapings to the cream and discard the pod. 6 At this point, you can add fruits or chopped chocolate to each ramekin or oven-proof cup as desired.Fill the mold with the custard mixture until half a centimeter from the rim. 7 Line the bottom of a shallow baking tray (about 2 inches high) with a dishcloth. Place ramekins on the tray and fill the tray halfway with water. 8 Bake in the oven for 15 to 20 minutes. Let cool, then chill in the refrigerator. 9 Before serving, dust the top with a thin layer of icing sugar. Caramelize the sugar using a gas torch or an oven broiler until you achieve a crisp, dark brown coat. BAKED RECIPES Shrimp-Stuffed Zucchini Flowers (Fiori Di Zucca Ripieni Con Gamberi) Ingredients ounces (226 g) large s hrimp, preferably wild, peeled and deveined 12 grape tomatoes, finely chopped 1 teaspoon chopped thyme 2 tablespoons (30 ml) extra-virgin olive oil Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper 12 zucchini flowers, washed, and trimmed Bottom of Form Directions Position a rack in the center of the oven and heat the oven to 350 °F (180 °C). Finely chop the shrimp and then transfer to a medium bowl. Add the tomatoes, thyme, 1 tablespoon of the oil, and a pinch of salt and pepper; mix well. Fill the zucchini flowers with 1 heaping tablespoon of the shrimp filling.Arrange on a small baking dish and then drizzle with the remaining oil and sprinkle with a pinch of salt. Bake in the oven until the flowers are lightly golden, and the shrimp is cooked through, 7 to 10 minutes. Remove from the oven. Rich Chocolate Cake with Salty Dulce de Leche & Hazelnut Brittle o o1 cup freshly brewed hot coffee o1/2 cup Dutch-processed cocoa powder o3/4 cup packed light brown sugar o1/2 cup plain whole-mi lk yogurt o2 teaspoons vanilla extract o8 tablespoons (1 stick) unsalted butter, at room temperature o1 1/4 cups granulated sugar o1 1/4 cups all-purpose flour 3/4 teaspoon baking soda o1 teaspoon table salt o2 eggs oTOPPING: o1 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt o1/2 cup dulce de leche oHAZELNUT BRITTLE (makes about 2 cups): o6 tablespoons (3/4 stick) unsalted butter o1/2 cup sugar o1 tablespoon light corn syrup o1/8 teaspoon baking soda o1/8 teaspoon table salt o1/2 cup whole unsalted hazelnuts, skins removed Directions Preheat the oven to 350 °F. Prepare a 10-inch round cake pan by greasing it with cooking spray and then lining the bottom with parchment paper. To make the cake, pour the hot coffee into a medium bowl and stir in the cocoa powder until it dissolves.Stir in the brown sugar, followed by the yogurt and the vanilla. Stir thoroughly to ensure that all of the ingredients are incorporated. In the bowl of an electric mixer fitted with the paddle attachment, beat the butter and gra nulated sugar on medium speed until light-yellow and fluffy, about 3 minutes. Scrape down the sides of the bowl. Add the eggs and mix for 2 minutes, scraping down the bowl as needed. In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, baking soda, and salt. With the mixer running on low speed, mix in a third of the flour mixture and half of the coffee mixture.Scrape down the bowl. Add another third of the flour mixture and all the remaining coffee mixture. Remove the bowl from the mixer and, using a rubber spatula, fold in the remaining flour mixture until all of the ingredients are fully incorporated. Pour the batter into the prepared cake pan. Bake for 25 minutes. Rotate the pan in the oven and bake for 20 more minutes, or until a cake tester inserted in the center of the cake comes out clean. Remove the pan from the oven and let the cake cool in the pan for 20 minutes.Then turn the cake out onto a clean plate, remove the parchment, and turn the cake back over onto a wire rack. Let the ca ke cool completely. In a food processor, pulse the brittle pieces 3 to 4 times until the brittle is powdery. Put the cooled cake on a serving dish. In a microwave-safe dish, heat the dulce de leche on high power for 30 seconds, or until it is just liquid. Spoon the dulce de leche over the cake, and then sprinkle the kosher salt over the dulce de leche. Sprinkle about ? cup of the ground brittle around the outer edge of the cake as a delicious decoration.